Fundamentals of geometrical optics. Sources and detectors for e.m. radiation; radiometric and photometric quantities. Optical imaging and 3D techniques for the non-invasive diagnostics of artworks.
Physical properties of neutrons. Neutron sources. Components of a neutron beamline. Neutron imaging techniques and application to cultural heritage.
Basics in crystallography. Neutron diffraction and its application to Cultural Heritage. Basics in physical metallurgy
E. Hecht, Optics, Addison Wesley Editore, San Francisco, 2002.
J. R. Meyer-Arendt, Introduction to classical and modern optics, Prentice-Hall International Inc., Englewoods Cliffs, NJ, 1989.
F. A. Jenkins, H. E. White, Ottica, Istituto Editoriale Universitario, Milano 1972.
H. M. Smith, Principles of Holography, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1969.
C. Oleari, Misurare il colore
G. L. Squires, Introduction to the theory of thermal neutron scattering, Dover, 1978.
C. Windsor, Pulsed Neutron sources, London, 1981.
Learning Objectives
Knowledge acquired:
Basic optics phenomena. Laws and properties of optical systems. Geometrical approach to em radiation. Optical instrumentation for the analysis of radiation.
Properties of neutrons. Interaction between neutrons and matter. Neutron imaging and diffraction techniques. Fundamentals of crystallography and metallurgy.
Competence acquired Knowledge of working principles of most common optical instruments for the diagnostics. Validity and limits of the basic laws of optics and the range they can be applied.
Knowledge of working principles of most common neutron techniques for the diagnostics in cultural heritage. Validity and limits of the basic laws of optics and the range they can be applied.
Skills acquired (at the end of the course):
Capability to weigh the properties of an optical system, and of optical instruments. To be able to choose the proper instrumentation with relation to one’s aims, as well as to understand the reliability of optical measurements.
Capability to weigh the opportunity to exploit neutron imaging and diffraction techniques in diagnostic.
Prerequisites
Courses to be used as requirements (required and/or recommended)
Courses required: Physics I and Physics II
Courses recommended: Mathematics.
Teaching Methods
CFU:3+3
Contact hours for: Lectures (hours): 24+24
Type of Assessment
Oral: questions on the lectures programme, on the interpretation of experimental results. Exercises.
Course program
Geometrical Optics. Laws for reflection and for refraction. Lenses: types and properties. Cases of thin lenses and paraxial rays. Diffraction and interference. E.m. sources and detectors, eye and vision system, additive and subtractive colour mixing, radiometric and photometric quantities. E.m. radiation-matter interaction: absorbance, reflectance and transmittance. Spectral reflectance factor and CIE rules. Applications for analysis and restoration of artworks. Optical techniques for imaging analysis: IR reflectography, multispectral VIS-NIR analysys, UV fluorescence, thermography. 3D techniques: Time-Of-Flight scanning systems, triangulation systems. OCT, confocal microscopy.
Neutron sources. Components of a neutron beamline. Neutron imaging techniques and application to cultural heritage.
Basics in crystallography. Neutron diffraction and its application to Cultural Heritage. Basics in physical metallurgy